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Alkyl glucoside kapena Alkyl Polyglycoside ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino m'mafakitale ndipo chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamaphunziro kwa nthawi yayitali. Zaka zoposa 100 zapitazo, Fischer Anapanga ndikuzindikira ma alkyl glycosides oyamba mu labotale, pafupifupi zaka 40 pambuyo pake, ntchito yoyamba yofotokoza za kugwiritsa ntchito alkyl glycosides mu zotsukira idaperekedwa ku Germany. Pambuyo pake 40-50years yotsatira, magulu ena amakampani amatembenukira ku alkyl glycosides ndikupanga njira zowapanga potengera njira zomwe Fischer adapeza.
Pachitukuko ichi, ntchito yoyambirira ya Fischer yokhudzana ndi momwe shuga ndi hydrophilic alcohols (monga methanol, ethanol, glycerol, etc.) idagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakumwa zoledzeretsa zokhala ndi unyolo wa alkyl, kuyambira octyl (C8) mpaka hexadecyl (C16) mafuta wamba. mowa.
Mwamwayi, chifukwa cha ntchito yawo, kupanga mafakitale si alkyl monoglucosides koyera, koma kusakaniza kosakanikirana kwa alkyl mono-, di-, tri-ndi oligoglycosides, kumapangidwa m'mafakitale. Chifukwa cha izi, zinthu zamafakitale zimatchedwa alkyl polyglycosides, zopangidwazo zimadziwika ndi kutalika kwa unyolo wa alkyl komanso kuchuluka kwa mayunitsi a glycose olumikizidwa nawo, kuchuluka kwa polymerization.
(Chithunzi 1. Molecular formula ya alkyl polyglucosides)
Chithunzi 1. Molecular formula ya alkyl Polyglucosides
Rohm&Haas inali kampani yoyamba kuyendetsa zinthu zambiri za octyl/decyl(C8~C10) glycosides kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, motsatiridwa ndi BASF ndi SEPPIC. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa unyolo waufupiwu komanso mtundu wosakhala bwino wamtundu, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumangokhala magawo angapo amsika, monga mafakitale ndi mabungwe.
Ubwino wa shor-chain alkyl glycoside wakhala ukuyenda bwino m'zaka zingapo zapitazi ndipo makampani angapo pakali pano akupereka ma octyl/decyl glycosides atsopano, kuphatikiza BASF,SEPPIC,Akzo Nobel, ICI ndi Henkel.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, makampani angapo adayamba kupanga ma alkyl glycosides mumtundu wautali wa alkyl chain (dodecyl/tetradecyl, C12~C14) kuti apereke chopangira chatsopano chamakampani odzola ndi zotsukira. Anaphatikizapo Henkel KGaA, Diisseldorf, Germany, ndi Horizon, gawo la AEStaley Manufacturing Company of Decatur,IIlinois, USA.
Kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso cha Horizon chomwe chinapezedwa nthawi imodzi, komanso zomwe Henkel KGaA adakumana nazo kuchokera ku kafukufuku ndi chitukuko ku Diisseldorf. Henkel adakhazikitsa malo oyendetsa ndege kuti apange alkyl polyglycosides ku Crosby, Texas. Mphamvu yopangira mbewuyo inali 5000 t pa, ndipo yakhala ikuyendetsedwa mu 1988 ndi 1989. Cholinga cha chomera choyendetsa ndi kupeza njira zoyendetsera ntchito ndikukulitsa msika wabwino komanso kulima kwa wowonjezera watsopanoyu.
Munthawi ya 1990 mpaka 1992, makampani ena adalengeza chidwi chawo chopanga alkyl polyglycosides (C12-C14), kuphatikiza Chemische werke Hiils, ICI, Kao,SEPPIC.
Mu 1992, Henkel adakhazikitsa chomera chatsopano ku USA kuti apange Alkyl polyglucosides ndipo mphamvu yake yopanga idafika pa 25000t pa Henkel KGaA idayamba kuyendetsa chomera chachiwiri chokhala ndi mphamvu zopanga zomwezo mu 1995.


Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-12-2020