Magulu ogwira ntchito omwe amatha kukhala sulfonated kapena sulfated ndi SO3 amagawidwa m'magulu a 4; mphete ya benzene, gulu la mowa wa hydroxyl, mgwirizano wapawiri, A-carbon wa gulu la Ester, zopangira zofananira ndi alkylbenzene, mafuta oledzeretsa (efa), olefin, mafuta acid methyl ester (FAME), zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mafakitale alkyl benzene sulfonate (apa amatchedwa LAS), AS, AES, AOS ndi MES. Otsatirawa kuti adziwe za chitukuko cha alipo sulfonic asidi ndi sulfate surfactants malinga m'gulu la organic zinchito magulu akhoza sulfonated ndi SO3.

2.1 alkylaryl sulfonates
Alkyl aryl sulfonate amatanthauza gulu la sulfonate surfactants okonzeka ndi sulfonate anachita ndi sulfure trioxide ndi onunkhira mphete monga organic zinchito gulu. Zinthu zodziwika bwino ndi LAS ndi unyolo wautali wa alkyl benzene sulfonate, Heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate (HABS), petroleum sulfonate ndi alkyl diphenyl ether disulfonate, ndi zina.

2.1.1 Industrial liniya alkyl benzene sulfonate
LAS imapezeka ndi sulfonation, kukalamba, hydrolysis ndi neutralization ya alkylbenzene. LAS nthawi zambiri imasungidwa ndikugulitsidwa ngati alkylbenzene sulfonic acid. Pogwiritsidwa ntchito kwenikweni, amasinthidwa ndi alkali. Palinso kusungidwa ndi kugulitsidwa mu mawonekedwe monga sodium mchere. LAS ili ndi kunyowa kwabwino, emulsifying, thovu ndi detergency, ndipo imagwirizana bwino ndi ma surfactants ena (AOS, AES, AEO), ndipo imakhala ndi ntchito zambiri m'minda yochapira m'nyumba monga ufa wochapira, detergent ndi madzi ochapira. Zoyipa za LAS ndizovuta zake kukana madzi olimba. Nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kuwonjezera calcium ndi magnesium ion chelating agents panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, LAS imatsitsa kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi zowawa zina pakhungu.
2.1.2 unyolo wautali alkyl benzene sulfonate
Long-chain alkyl benzene sulfonate nthawi zambiri amatanthawuza gulu la surfactants okhala ndi utali wa kaboni wopitilira 13, womwe umagwira ntchito bwino pakuchira kwamafuta apamwamba, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi heavy alkyl benzene sulfonate. Zomwe zimachitika ndikugwiritsa ntchito HF ngati chothandizira kupanga alkylation action ndi heavy liquid sera dehydrogenation mankhwala, monga alkanes wautali, olelfin osakaniza ndi Benzene kapena Xylene kukonzekera Long unyolo alkyl benzene. Kenako ntchito SO3 nembanemba sulfonation kukonzekera yaitali unyolo alkylbenzene sulfonic asidi.
2.1.3 Heavy alkyl benzene sulfonate
Heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakusefukira kwamafuta. Zopangira zake zolemera za alkylbenzene ndizochokera ku dodecylbenzene, zokolola zake ndizochepa (<10%), kotero gwero lake ndi lochepa. Zigawo zolemera za alkylbenzene ndizovuta, makamaka kuphatikiza alkylbenzene, dialkylbenzene,
diphenylene, alkylindane, tetralin ndi zina zotero.
2.1.4 Mafuta a sulfonate
Petroleum sulfonate ndi mtundu wa surfactant wokonzedwa ndi SO3 sulfonation wa petroleum distillate mafuta. Kukonzekera kwa petroleum sulfonate nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito mafuta amtundu wa petroleum distillate m'munda wamafuta ngati zopangira. Njira ya sulfonation zikuphatikizapo: mpweya SO3 filimu sulfonation, madzi SO3 ketulo sulfonation, ndi mpweya SO3 kutsitsi sulfonation.
2.1.5 Alkyl Diphenyl Ether Disulfonate(ADPEDS)
Alkyl diphenyl ether disulfonate ndi kalasi ya surfactants ogwira ntchito okhala ndi magulu awiri a sulfonic acid mu molekyulu. Iwo ali ntchito yapadera mu emulsion polymerization, m'nyumba ndi mafakitale kuyeretsa, nsalu yosindikiza ndi utoto. Poyerekeza ndi chikhalidwe monosulfonate surfactants (monga LAS), magulu asidi disulfonic kupereka izo zina zapadera thupi ndi mankhwala katundu, amene ali bwino kwambiri solubility ndi bata mu 20% asidi amphamvu, amphamvu zamchere, mchere mchere ndi bleaching wothandizila njira. Zili ndi monoalkyl diphenyl etha bissulfonate (MADS), monoalkyl diphenyl ether monosulfonate (MAMS), ndi dialkyl Diphenyl ether bissulfonate (DADS) ndi bisalkyl diphenyl ether monosulfonate (DAMS) amapangidwa, chigawo chachikulu ndi MADS, ndipo zomwe zili mkati mwake. 80%. Mankhwala a sulfonated a alkyl diphenyl ether, alkyl diphenyl ether disulfonic acid, ali ndi mamasukidwe apamwamba kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, dichloroethane imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosungunulira ndikukonzedwa ndi ketulo ya sulfation.